Certificate of origin (Generalized System of Preferences Certificate of Origin) in Chinese sounds like 普惠制 原 产地证 is a document developed and approved in 1968 by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), adopted by developed countries as part of the implementation of the General System of Preferences (GSP ), this document gives the right to receive preferences when paying import customs duties for customs clearance of goods originating from developing countries or from least developed countries. The certificate of origin in the form "A" is accepted within the GSP (Generalized System of Preferences).

According to Annex No. 2 taken by decision of the EurAsEC Interstate Council from 27.11. 2009 n. 18 compiled a list of developing countries that use the system of tariff preferences of the customs union.

In Russia, in accordance with the decision of the Council ECE 8 No. from 13.01.2017 of the year. On the list of goods originating from developing countries or from the least developed countries in respect of which when imported into the customs territory EAEU tariff preferences are provided, the list of such goods was approved.

How to get a certificate of origin of goods in China?

Buying goods in China and crossing the Russian-Chinese border does not mean that product was produced in China. For this, this document is required, which confirms that the place of actual production of goods exported from the PRC is located in China and the goods are made entirely from Chinese raw materials or have undergone sufficient processing (processing) in the PRC.

Where goods have been processed or processed in more than one country, the country of origin is established according to criteria that may be established by various trade agreements concluded between the exporting country and the exporting country (for example, free trade area agreements), or agreements in which both countries involved (e.g. Agreement on Rules of Origin WTOin which all members of the WTO participate).

The standard criteria for determining the place of origin of goods are the following features:

• Goods were fully received or produced in a given country (this rule is most often used when determining the place of origin of minerals and their products, agricultural products);
• This country is the last place of sufficient processing (processing) of goods. That is, if two or more countries participate in the manufacture of a product, the country of origin is the country in which it was subjected to the last substantial processing necessary to acquire its basic properties. Sufficient processing (processing) of a product is recognized as processing, as a result of which the first digits of the code of the product nomenclature change, processing that meets the ad valorem share rule or certain technical requirements.
• Import Content Rule (Import Content Rulein which the share of value originating from a country that is not a party to the agreement should not reach a certain level (as a rule, 30-50%)
• Rule of content local cost (Regional Value / Content Rule, according to which the content of the share of value originating from the country (s) that is a party to the free trade agreement must reach a certain level).

In China, the Form A country of origin certificate is issued by The China Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau (CIQ). CIQ offices are located at most of the Russian-Chinese border crossing points, so exporters do not have any problems with obtaining a Form A certificate. The cost of paperwork is about 150-200 yuan. But you need to remind the supplier of the goods that you need the certificate of the country of origin of the forms A.

The certificate must contain the signature and stamp of the regional representation of this institution. Certificates issued by other authorities are not likely to pass. customs control.

Certificates of origin can be divided into two main categories: preferential (allowing the importer to rely on a preferential customs tariff) and standard (for determining the place of origin of goods).

You may need a certificate if compensatory, protective measures for the protection of domestic producers are applied to the imported goods, the main of which are anti-dumping duties.

Also this document is useful to you if contract provides for a letter of credit form of payment, the certificate of the country of origin may be included in the list of documents confirming the delivery, in which case it will need to be submitted to the bank.

There are several types of certificates that are denoted by different letters.

• Form A certificate - required for full or partial exemption from customs duties in the importing country when importing goods under the general system of preferences for developing countries. Chinese goods are subject to the general system of preferences in the European Union, the Customs Union and Japan.
• A certificate of origin in form B is needed when exporting goods for which a preferential customs tariff is valid in a member country of the Asia-Pacific Trade Agreement. The parties to this agreement are China, Bangladesh, India, South Korea, Nepal, Laos, Sri Lanka, the Philippines).
• The certificate of origin in form E is needed when exporting goods for which the preferential customs tariff is valid under the agreement on a free trade zone between the PRC and the ASEAN countries (Brunei Darussalam, Myanmar, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Singapore, Philippines, Thailand Vietnam).
• Certificate of Origin for Form F is used when exporting goods under the agreement on a free trade zone between the PRC and Chile.
• The certificate of origin in form P is used when exporting goods under the agreement on a free trade zone between the PRC and Pakistan.
• The certificate of origin in form X is used when exporting goods under the agreement on a free trade zone between the PRC and Singapore.
• For the export of goods under other agreements on a free trade zone concluded by the PRC (New Zealand, Iceland, Switzerland, etc.), other forms of certificate of origin are used.